![]() One type of UAV that is popularly used today is Multi-copters can be divided into different types depending on the number of rotor arms. , the advantages of UAV photogrammetry in comparison to field surveying higher quality and reliability of spatial products, more diversity of spatial products, more user-friendly, Speed up the mapping process, the legal validity and consistency checks, more reasonable, fewer interruptions in operations, and more accessibility to rough areas. Mapping based on UAV according to Panjares, the UAV technology has allowed for the development of numerous methods, procedures, and strategies specifically adapted for these systems from a unique perspective of the problem to be solved and obtained together with economic aspects derived from their relatively low cost are enhancing their use and extending the range of performance and applications. The orthophotos generated from multiple photos demonstrate the potential for obtaining the detailed information of a landscape with the ground resolution was approximately 0.05 m which is much higher than the resolution of any current satellite imagery. , drone information can be utilized as a tool for local-scale area analysis. UAV can produce several different types of maps such as geographically accurate ortho-rectified two-dimensional maps, elevation models, thermal maps, and 3D maps or models. agriculture, forestry, archeology and architecture, environment, emergency management and traffic monitoring that needs observed information from the top or oblique views. The UAV sensors and platforms nowadays are being used in almost every mapping application e.g. Figure 1 shows the Inspire 2 quadcopter drone used in this study. Mapping specifically for land-use and land-cover (LULC) using drone data has been proven to improve mapping accuracy from 78.1 percent with Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) to 92.3% using UAV Drone data. According to, a UAV is a tool and as such, it should be used for the right application for mapping/monitoring of small areas, i.e. ![]() One alternative to the problems as mentioned above is to use unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) are low cost, have very high-resolution, and can be acquired at any time with few restrictions for local-scale areas. The main obstacle of mapping using very high-resolution satellite imagery data is the acquisition of data which is still quite expensive, especially for mapping in a local-scale area and requires more frequent (daily or weekly) time series of data repetitions. From the vehicle side, thematic mapping with very high-resolution satellite imagery (0.5–0.3 cm) can be done easily and good results. Mapping techniques with remote sensing and three-dimensional (3D) earth modeling have now achieved significant progress both in terms of vehicles and sensors as well as the techniques and software used. The next research is to assess the results of the area for more objects from the land cover as well as for the more varied polygon area so that the reliability of the method can be used in general Using Google earth data at two separate locations as a benchmark for the accuracy of measurement of the area at three variations of flying height in taking pictures, the results obtained were 98.53% (98.68%), 95.2% (96.1%), and 94.4% (94.7%) for each altitude of 40, 80, and 100 m. The drone is also supported by a high-quality camera with dreadlocks for image stability, so it is suitable for use in mapping activities. The drone used has advantages in a wider range of areas with adequate power support. Research conducted using Inspire 2 quadcopter drones with RGB cameras, developing 3D models using photogrammetric and situation mapping uses geographic information systems. These constraints are currently obtaining solutions in line with the development of improved UAV drone technology with a wider range and imaging sensors that can be used. The main obstacle for local and daily or weekly time-series mapping using very high-resolution satellite imagery is the high price and availability of data.
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